{"id":140960,"date":"2026-07-23T11:21:50","date_gmt":"2026-07-23T09:21:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=140960"},"modified":"2026-07-23T12:13:22","modified_gmt":"2026-07-23T10:13:22","slug":"echange-routier-de-marchandises-la-tunisie-souffre-de-ses-voisins","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=140960","title":{"rendered":"Contrebande de carburant, fronti\u00e8res verrouill\u00e9es : le commerce tunisien \u00e9touff\u00e9 par ses voisins"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les \u00e9changes commerciaux routiers sont de loin le mode le plus rapide et le plus efficace dans le commerce mondial. Le d\u00e9veloppement des corridors routiers sont l\u2019un des \u00e9l\u00e9ments cl\u00e9s pour le d\u00e9veloppement du commerce mondial. Avec deux fronti\u00e8res terrestres, la Tunisie a de grands potentiels d\u2019\u00e9changes commerciaux avec ses voisins, la Libye et l\u2019Alg\u00e9rie, mais pourvu que ces deux voisins ouvrent leurs fronti\u00e8res aux produits entrants et sortants. Or ce n\u2019est pas le cas. Les tunisiens souffrent \u00e9norm\u00e9ment de la fermeture des fronti\u00e8res libyennes \u00e0 cause de batailles entre les factions rivales, ou des mesures brusques du c\u00f4t\u00e9 des douanes libyennes. Du c\u00f4t\u00e9 alg\u00e9rien, les \u00e9changes commerciaux ne sont pas tr\u00e8s fluides \u00e0 cause de mesures tr\u00e8s restrictives des douanes alg\u00e9riennes et surtout impr\u00e9vues.<\/p>\n

Cette situation de blocage du c\u00f4t\u00e9 de nos voisins a engendr\u00e9 un grand volume d\u2019\u00e9changes commerciaux informels \u00e9valu\u00e9s par une \u00e9tude de la Banque Mondiale \u00e0 1.12 milliards de dollars annuellement. Ces activit\u00e9s illicites repr\u00e9sentent environ 7% des importations totales du pays et privent l’\u00c9tat de pr\u00e8s d’un quart de ses recettes douani\u00e8res. Le trafic concerne principalement l’essence et les produits subventionn\u00e9s (environ 20% du carburant consomm\u00e9 en Tunisie proviendrait du voisin alg\u00e9rien), mais aussi des cigarettes, des produits de consommation courante et des devises.<\/p>\n

Cette situation a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9montr\u00e9e r\u00e9cemment par une carte de l\u2019Afrique actualis\u00e9e par la Banque Mondiale et l\u2019Organisation Mondiale du Commerce repr\u00e9sentant les pays selon l\u2019Indice de Transport Routier (ISTRI).\u00a0 L\u2019indice STRI mesure le caract\u00e8re restrictif d\u2019un cadre r\u00e9glementaire, de 0 (totalement ouvert) \u00e0 100 (compl\u00e8tement ferm\u00e9). La m\u00e9thodologie \u00e9value chaque mesure de politique commerciale selon six niveaux de s\u00e9v\u00e9rit\u00e9, allant de l\u2019absence de restriction (score 0,00) jusqu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019interdiction pure et simple de la prestation de service (score 1,00).<\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00e9chelle STRI n\u2019est pas qu\u2019un outil de classement ; elle refl\u00e8te des d\u00e9cisions de politique int\u00e9rieure tr\u00e8s concr\u00e8tes. Un score inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 30 signifie qu\u2019un pays a lev\u00e9 la quasi-totalit\u00e9 des verrous majeurs: pas d\u2019interdiction de pr\u00e9sence commerciale, pas de monopole de fait, des proc\u00e9dures transparentes.<\/p>\n

Selon cet indice la Tunisie pr\u00e9sente un score de 62.9 La Libye a un indice de 100 soit ferm\u00e9 totalement et l\u2019Alg\u00e9rie un indice de 70.5. La m\u00e9diane continentale se situe \u00e0 60,5.<\/p>\n

Les 3 pays ne sont pas ouverts entre eux avec en moindre mesure la Tunisie. Une l\u00e9g\u00e8re ouverture des fronti\u00e8res entres ces 3 pays aura certainement un impact positif sur le d\u00e9veloppement et la croissance \u00e9conomique et fera de la r\u00e9gion une zone d\u2019int\u00e9gration \u00e9conomique exemplaire.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

En t\u00eate de ce classement on retrouve le Rwanda, avec un indice de 21 suivi par la Guin\u00e9e-Bissau (25,4), les Comores (25,6) et le B\u00e9nin (25,7). Le Cap-Vert (27,4), le Burundi (28), la Namibie (28,2), le Kenya (30,4) et le Zimbabwe 33.8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Pays<\/strong><\/td>\nScore STRI<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Rwanda<\/td>\n21<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Guin\u00e9e-Bissau<\/td>\n25,4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Comores<\/td>\n25,6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u00e9nin<\/td>\n25,7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cap-Vert<\/td>\n27,4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Burundi<\/td>\n28<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Namibie<\/td>\n28,2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kenya<\/td>\n30,4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Zimbabwe<\/td>\n33,8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Liberia<\/td>\n33,8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gambie<\/td>\n34,5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sierra Leone<\/td>\n36,1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Afrique du Sud<\/td>\n36,1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S\u00e9n\u00e9gal<\/td>\n36,4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tchad<\/td>\n37,1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Malawi<\/td>\n37,5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Burkina Faso<\/td>\n37,6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Seychelles<\/td>\n37,7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Maurice<\/td>\n38,6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nigeria<\/td>\n38,7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Eswatini<\/td>\n39,5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Maroc<\/td>\n39,5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les \u00e9changes commerciaux routiers sont de loin le mode le plus rapide et le plus efficace dans le commerce mondial. Le d\u00e9veloppement des corridors routiers sont l\u2019un des \u00e9l\u00e9ments cl\u00e9s pour le d\u00e9veloppement du commerce mondial. Avec deux fronti\u00e8res terrestres, la Tunisie a de grands potentiels d\u2019\u00e9changes commerciaux avec ses voisins, la Libye et l\u2019Alg\u00e9rie, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":140963,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-140960","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites","category-economie"],"yoast_head":"\nContrebande de carburant, fronti\u00e8res verrouill\u00e9es : le commerce tunisien \u00e9touff\u00e9 par ses voisins - L'expert Journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=140960\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Contrebande de carburant, fronti\u00e8res verrouill\u00e9es : le commerce tunisien \u00e9touff\u00e9 par ses voisins\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les \u00e9changes commerciaux routiers sont de loin le mode le plus rapide et le plus efficace dans le commerce mondial. 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