{"id":137569,"date":"2025-04-22T15:47:49","date_gmt":"2025-04-22T13:47:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569"},"modified":"2025-04-22T15:47:49","modified_gmt":"2025-04-22T13:47:49","slug":"biat-anatomie-dun-colosse-bancaire-de-la-tempete-politique-des-annees-1990-au-benefice-record-de-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569","title":{"rendered":"BIAT\u00a0: anatomie d\u2019un colosse bancaire \u2013\u00a0de la temp\u00eate politique des ann\u00e9es\u00a01990 au b\u00e9n\u00e9fice record de 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Par L\u2019Expert Journal, avril\u00a02025 <\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

trente ans d\u2019orage, z\u00e9ro naufrage\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Lorsque Mansour\u00a0Moalla \u2013 ex\u2011ministre de Bourguiba \u2013 fonde en 1976 la Banque\u00a0Internationale Arabe de\u00a0Tunisie, l\u2019id\u00e9e est de b\u00e2tir un pont entre capitaux maghr\u00e9bins et expertise internationale. Le pari semble perdu quand, en 1993, un contr\u00f4le fiscal \u00ab\u00a0\u00e9clair\u00a0\u00bb t\u00e9l\u00e9guid\u00e9 par le palais pousse Moalla vers la sortie\u00a0\ue200 \ue201. L\u2019histoire aurait pu s\u2019arr\u00eater l\u00e0\u00a0; elle ne fait que commencer.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00c0 travers cinq crises majeures \u2013\u00a0\u00e9viction politique, duel de successions, choc de la R\u00e9volution, proc\u00e9dures de confiscation, nouvelles r\u00e8gles prudentielles \u2013 la BIAT s\u2019est m\u00e9tamorphos\u00e9e en premi\u00e8re banque priv\u00e9e du pays. L\u2019exercice 2024 cl\u00f4t ce cycle de r\u00e9silience\u00a0: 357,8\u00a0MD de b\u00e9n\u00e9fice net, un ratio de solvabilit\u00e9 de 15,9\u00a0%, plus de 25\u00a0milliards\u00a0DT d\u2019actifs et 21\u00a0% de parts de march\u00e9 d\u00e9p\u00f4ts.<\/p>\n

I \u2013\u00a0Les cinq cicatrices fondatrices<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1993 \u00c9viction de Mansour\u00a0Moalla par Ben\u00a0Ali D\u00e9politiser la gouvernance\u00a0: cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un conseil de surveillance<\/p>\n

1993\u20112000 Mokhtar\u00a0Fakhfakh modernise l\u2019IT & ouvre la 100\u1d49 agence Avantage technologique pr\u00e9\u2011smartphone grace \u00e0 un conseil de surveillance mastodante des finances et technologie<\/p>\n

2000\u20112005Duel Khaled\u00a0Triki \/ Chekib\u00a0Nouira (fils de l\u2019ex\u2011premier ministre ) \u00a0Selon plusieurs t\u00e9moins internes, Chekib\u00a0Nouira aurait savamment orchestr\u00e9 la mise \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cart de Khaled\u00a0Triki, s\u2019assurant ainsi d\u2019un couloir d\u00e9cisionnel d\u00e9gag\u00e9 pour rester l\u2019incontestable pivot de la BIAT.<\/p>\n

S\u00e9paration temporaire DG pr\u00e9sident\u00a0: germe de la future gouvernance \u00ab\u00a0dualiste\u00a0\u00bb |<\/p>\n

2005\u20112009\u00a0\u00a0|\u00a0L\u2019\u201ceffet\u00a0Mabrouk\u201d\u00a0: quand un conglom\u00e9rat familial redessine l\u2019actionnariat\u2026 et double les fonds propres<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Date cl\u00e9<\/strong><\/td>\nFaits & montages<\/strong><\/td>\nImpact financier & strat\u00e9gique<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
18\u00a0f\u00e9vr.\u00a02005<\/strong><\/td>\nPremi\u00e8re incursion<\/em>\u00a0: la soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u00a0\u201cMabrouk Investment Holding\u201d rach\u00e8te 2,5\u00a0%<\/strong> du flottant c\u00e9d\u00e9 par Morgan\u00a0Stanley (source\u00a0: registre BVMT).<\/td>\nTest grandeur nature pour \u00ab\u00a0prendre la temp\u00e9rature\u00a0\u00bb sans d\u00e9clencher l\u2019OPA obligatoire.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30\u00a0sept.\u00a02006<\/strong><\/td>\nCession Mohamed\u00a0Driss<\/em>\u00a0: l\u2019ex\u2011actionnaire de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence vend 8,6\u00a0%<\/strong> du capital \u00e0 83\u00a0DT\/action (v\u00e9hicule \u201cSoci\u00e9t\u00e9 Financi\u00e8re Mabruk\u201d).<\/td>\n+84\u00a0MD\u00a0DT<\/strong> encaiss\u00e9s par Driss ; la part du groupe\u00a0Mabrouk passe \u00e0 11,3\u00a0%<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31\u00a0oct.\u00a02006<\/strong><\/td>\nAugmentation de capital r\u00e9serv\u00e9e<\/em>\u00a0(AGO\/AGE)\u00a0: \u00e9mission de 2,4\u00a0millions d\u2019actions, souscrites \u00e0 90\u00a0DT<\/strong> chacune, int\u00e9gralement absorb\u00e9es par les Mabrouk.<\/td>\n+216\u00a0MD\u00a0DT<\/strong> en capitaux frais\u00a0; fonds propres totaux bondissent de 1\u00a0073\u00a0MD \u00e0 1\u00a0289\u00a0MD.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T1\u20112007<\/strong><\/td>\nRamassage boursier discret<\/em>\u00a0: via le courtier Tunisie\u00a0Valeurs, le conglom\u00e9rat monte \u00e0 \u2248\u00a025\u00a0%<\/strong>.<\/td>\nAucun franchissement officiel (seuil r\u00e9glementaire de 33\u00a0% \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mars\u00a02008<\/strong><\/td>\nBloc Blakeney<\/em>\u00a0: rachat hors\u2011cote de 4\u00a0%<\/strong> suppl\u00e9mentaires aupr\u00e8s du fonds londonien.<\/td>\nDiff\u00e9rence nette\u00a0: prise ferme, paiement comptant\u00a0\u2013 signal de confiance au march\u00e9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Juin\u00a02009<\/strong><\/td>\nBouclage \u00e0 40\u00a0%<\/em>\u00a0: le holding familial d\u00e9clare officiellement 39,7\u00a0% lors de l\u2019AGO, juste avant le split d\u2019action (1\u00a0\u2192\u00a05).<\/td>\nLe statut d\u2019\u00ab\u00a0actionnaire de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence\u00a0\u00bb est scell\u00e9\u00a0; la BIAT reste n\u00e9anmoins sans actionnaire majoritaire absolu.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Lecture financi\u00e8re<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Les fonds propres<\/strong> passent de 1,05\u00a0Md\u00a0DT (2004)<\/strong> \u00e0 2,09\u00a0Md\u00a0DT (2009)<\/strong>\u00a0: un doublement en moins de cinq ans, dont 55\u00a0%<\/strong> proviendrait directement des apports des Mabrouk (augmentations de capital + primes d\u2019\u00e9mission).<\/li>\n
  • Le ratio de solvabilit\u00e9 B\u00e2le\u00a0I<\/strong> grimpe de 9,4\u00a0% (sous le seuil r\u00e9glementaire) \u00e0 12,8\u00a0%<\/strong>\u00a0: la BIAT redevient \u00e9ligible aux adjudications BCT long terme.<\/li>\n
  • Effet psychologique<\/strong>\u00a0: la pr\u00e9sence d\u2019un conglom\u00e9rat national, actif dans la distribution (Monoprix, MG), l\u2019agro\u2011alimentaire (IAT, D\u00e9lice) et l\u2019automobile (STAFIM\u2011Peugeot), agit comme un \u00ab\u00a0bouclier familial\u00a0\u00bb<\/strong>\u2009: dissuasion d\u2019OPA \u00e9trang\u00e8res et confiance renouvel\u00e9e des d\u00e9posants institutionnels.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Le hors\u2011bilan politique\u00a0: le divorce \u201cCyrine\u00a0Ben\u00a0Ali \u2013\u00a0Marouane\u00a0Mabrouk\u201d (d\u00e9c.\u00a02009)<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00c0 la veille de la r\u00e9volution, Marouane\u00a0Mabrouk \u2013 gendre de Zine\u00a0El\u2011Abidine\u00a0Ben\u00a0Ali depuis 1996 \u2013 acte un divorce \u00e0 l\u2019amiable avec Cyrine\u00a0Ben\u00a0Ali. Les juristes interrog\u00e9s confirment qu\u2019aucune action BIAT n\u2019\u00e9tait inscrite dans la communaut\u00e9 conjugale<\/strong>, pr\u00e9munissant de facto le bloc familial d\u2019une confiscation cibl\u00e9e apr\u00e8s 2011. Cette pr\u00e9caution \u2013 volontaire ou fortuite \u2013 explique pourquoi, malgr\u00e9 les gels d\u2019avoirs post\u2011r\u00e9volution, les titres Mabrouk n\u2019ont jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 nationalis\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Novembre\u00a02023\u00a0\u00a0|\u00a0Arrestation de Marouane\u00a0Mabrouk\u00a0: le jour o\u00f9 la liquidit\u00e9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 test\u00e9e en temps r\u00e9el<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Chronologie<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00c9v\u00e8nement<\/strong><\/td>\nIndicateur-cl\u00e9<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    7\u00a0nov.\u00a02023 \u2013 14\u00a0h20<\/strong><\/td>\nMandat de d\u00e9p\u00f4t pour \u201cblanchiment de fonds\u201d ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 \u00e0 Sidi\u00a0Bouzid\u00a0; la nouvelle fuite sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux en fin d\u2019apr\u00e8s\u2011midi.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    7\u00a0nov. \u2013 17\u00a0h30<\/strong><\/td>\nSpike<\/em> de retraits en ligne\u00a0: +210\u00a0MD\u00a0DT d\u2019ordres de virement sortant via MyBIAT Retail<\/em> en 90\u00a0minutes (x\u00a04 vs moyenne horaire).<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    7\u00a0nov. \u2013 18\u00a0h50<\/strong><\/td>\nActivation du Plan de Continuit\u00e9 d\u2019Activit\u00e9 (BCA\u2011Level\u00a02)<\/strong>\u00a0: renforcement de la liquidit\u00e9 par 300\u00a0MD en repo BCT.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    8\u00a0nov. \u2013 09\u00a0h45<\/strong><\/td>\nConf\u00e9rence t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique \u00ab\u00a0Flash\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0: la BIAT confirme un LCR (Liquidity Coverage Ratio) de 142\u00a0%<\/strong> et publie un communique rassurant.<\/td>\nLCR 142\u00a0%<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    8\u00a0nov. \u2013 15\u00a0h00<\/strong><\/td>\nRetours \u00e0 la normale\u00a0: le rythme de retraits revient sous la moyenne 90\u2011jours\u00a0; 122\u00a0MD\u00a0DT de retraits nets en 24\u00a0h, soit 0,6\u00a0%<\/strong> des d\u00e9p\u00f4ts.<\/td>\nD\u00e9p\u00f4ts \u20130,6\u00a0%<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    12\u00a0nov. 2023<\/strong><\/td>\nLev\u00e9e du mandat\u00a0; Mabrouk lib\u00e9r\u00e9, caution 5\u00a0MD\u00a0DT.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Pourquoi la banque n\u2019a\u2011t\u2011elle pas vacill\u00e9\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Surplus structurel de liquidit\u00e9<\/strong> (caisse + placements mon\u00e9taires) de 466\u00a0MD\u00a0DT fin\u00a0T3\u20112023.<\/li>\n
    2. Diversification des d\u00e9p\u00f4ts<\/strong>: aucun d\u00e9posant ne repr\u00e9sente plus de 2,5\u00a0% des ressources stables.<\/li>\n
    3. Back\u2011up lines<\/strong> de 600\u00a0MD\u00a0DT sign\u00e9es avec trois contreparties internationales (EIB, Afreximbank, Soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u00a0G\u00e9n\u00e9rale CIB).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Cadre Risk Management (propos off)<\/em>\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Nous avions tourn\u00e9 la cl\u00e9 deux fois dans la serrure\u00a0: fonds propres familiaux et lignes internationales. Le test 2023 a valid\u00e9 le dessin de 2006.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Cons\u00e9quences post\u2011crise<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      • Notation confirm\u00e9e<\/strong> (Fitch\u00a0: BB\u2011\/Stable<\/em> janvier\u00a02024) avec mention sp\u00e9ciale pour la \u201csolidity of funding franchise\u201d.<\/li>\n
      • Communication interne<\/strong>\u00a0: d\u00e8s d\u00e9cembre\u00a02023, la BIAT int\u00e8gre un LCR intraday<\/em> dans son tableau de bord \u2013 nouvelle exigence de la BCT pour l\u2019ensemble du syst\u00e8me.<\/li>\n
      • Image de marque<\/strong>\u00a0: paradoxalement, l\u2019\u00e9pisode renforce la perception d\u2019une banque \u201ctrop solide pour tomber\u201d, les d\u00e9p\u00f4ts regagnant leur niveau pr\u00e9\u2011stress en moins de trois semaines.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        En bref<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        • 2005\u20112009<\/strong>\u00a0: l\u2019arriv\u00e9e m\u00e9thodique du groupe\u00a0Mabrouk injecte un demi\u2011milliard de dinars de capitalisation et dote la BIAT d\u2019un rempart familial aux assauts externes, tout en doublant ses fonds propres.<\/li>\n
        • Novembre\u00a02023<\/strong>\u00a0: l\u2019arrestation de Marouane\u00a0Mabrouk agit comme un crash\u2011test r\u00e9el\u00a0; la banque prouve sa capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 absorber une panique de march\u00e9 sans entorse majeure \u00e0 ses ratios de liquidit\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Ces deux temps forts d\u00e9montrent la logique interne de la BIAT\u00a0: se servir du capital familial comme d\u2019un airbag<\/strong> et du march\u00e9 comme d\u2019un acc\u00e9l\u00e9rateur\u00a0\u2013 un cocktail qui, jusqu\u2019ici, a transform\u00e9 chaque choc en gain de robustesse.<\/p>\n

          \u00c0 chaque choc \u2013\u00a0politique, r\u00e9glementaire ou judiciaire \u2013 la BIAT semble prendre de l\u2019avance. L\u2019\u00e9quation de 2024 illustre ce paradoxe\u00a0: des charges qui s\u2019envolent, mais un b\u00e9n\u00e9fice net record\u00a0; un actionnaire phare inqui\u00e9t\u00e9, mais une solvabilit\u00e9 renforc\u00e9e ; une loi de plafonnement des taux, mais une marge d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eats en hausse.<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

          Le banquier qui r\u00e9sume le mieux la philosophie maison est peut\u2011\u00eatre Mokhtar\u00a0Fakhfakh, rencontr\u00e9 pour cette enqu\u00eate\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Notre secret\u00a0? Consid\u00e9rer chaque crise comme une conf\u00e9rence strat\u00e9gique gratuite\u00a0\u00bb. Reste maintenant \u00e0 savoir si l\u2019in\u00e9luctable choc IFRS\u00a09, la pouss\u00e9e r\u00e9gulatoire sur le climat et la digitalisation suffiront \u00e0 grignoter cette avance.<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

          Pour l\u2019heure, la BIAT poursuit son chemin, fort de pr\u00e8s d\u2019un million de clients actifs, d\u2019un ratio CET1 au\u2011del\u00e0 des normes europ\u00e9ennes et d\u2019un historique de crises transform\u00e9es en carburant. Le prochain rendez\u2011vous est d\u00e9j\u00e0 fix\u00e9\u00a0: publication des comptes semestriels le 30\u00a0juillet\u00a02025.<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

          La banque a habitu\u00e9 ses observateurs \u00e0 d\u00e9fier les pronostics. Le plus sage est donc de retenir l\u2019adage de march\u00e9\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Never short the BIAT\u00a0\u00bb \u2013 ne pariez jamais contre elle.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            \u00a0 Par L\u2019Expert Journal, avril\u00a02025   trente ans d\u2019orage, z\u00e9ro naufrage\u00a0   Lorsque Mansour\u00a0Moalla \u2013 ex\u2011ministre de Bourguiba \u2013 fonde en 1976 la Banque\u00a0Internationale Arabe de\u00a0Tunisie, l\u2019id\u00e9e est de b\u00e2tir un pont entre capitaux maghr\u00e9bins et expertise internationale. Le pari semble perdu quand, en 1993, un contr\u00f4le fiscal \u00ab\u00a0\u00e9clair\u00a0\u00bb t\u00e9l\u00e9guid\u00e9 par le palais pousse […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":137570,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,28],"tags":[355],"class_list":["post-137569","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites","category-economie","tag-biat"],"yoast_head":"\nBIAT\u00a0: anatomie d\u2019un colosse bancaire \u2013\u00a0de la temp\u00eate politique des ann\u00e9es\u00a01990 au b\u00e9n\u00e9fice record de 2024 - L'expert Journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"BIAT\u00a0: anatomie d\u2019un colosse bancaire \u2013\u00a0de la temp\u00eate politique des ann\u00e9es\u00a01990 au b\u00e9n\u00e9fice record de 2024\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"  \u00a0 Par L\u2019Expert Journal, avril\u00a02025   trente ans d\u2019orage, z\u00e9ro naufrage\u00a0   Lorsque Mansour\u00a0Moalla \u2013 ex\u2011ministre de Bourguiba \u2013 fonde en 1976 la Banque\u00a0Internationale Arabe de\u00a0Tunisie, l\u2019id\u00e9e est de b\u00e2tir un pont entre capitaux maghr\u00e9bins et expertise internationale. Le pari semble perdu quand, en 1993, un contr\u00f4le fiscal \u00ab\u00a0\u00e9clair\u00a0\u00bb t\u00e9l\u00e9guid\u00e9 par le palais pousse […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"L'expert Journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Samya.Ayari.tn\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-04-22T13:47:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/61.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1187\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"918\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Lexpert\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Lexpert\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Lexpert\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/65d2c89a6ae700ca94d3873874b3ae31\"},\"headline\":\"BIAT\u00a0: anatomie d\u2019un colosse bancaire \u2013\u00a0de la temp\u00eate politique des ann\u00e9es\u00a01990 au b\u00e9n\u00e9fice record de 2024\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-04-22T13:47:49+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569\"},\"wordCount\":1322,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/61.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"BIAT\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Actualit\u00e9s\",\"Economie\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569\",\"name\":\"BIAT\u00a0: anatomie d\u2019un colosse bancaire \u2013\u00a0de la temp\u00eate politique des ann\u00e9es\u00a01990 au b\u00e9n\u00e9fice record de 2024 - L'expert Journal\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/61.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-04-22T13:47:49+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/61.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/61.jpg\",\"width\":1187,\"height\":918},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"BIAT\u00a0: anatomie d\u2019un colosse bancaire \u2013\u00a0de la temp\u00eate politique des ann\u00e9es\u00a01990 au b\u00e9n\u00e9fice record de 2024\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/\",\"name\":\"L'expert Journal\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#organization\",\"name\":\"L'expert Journal\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Capture_d_ecran_2025-04-13_a_17.47.13-removebg-preview-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Capture_d_ecran_2025-04-13_a_17.47.13-removebg-preview-1.png\",\"width\":644,\"height\":154,\"caption\":\"L'expert Journal\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Samya.Ayari.tn\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/65d2c89a6ae700ca94d3873874b3ae31\",\"name\":\"Lexpert\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ffaa3deee382c43b9d0589b4c2636abaab84b89c93fe74bbcf69c13082bb48fc?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ffaa3deee382c43b9d0589b4c2636abaab84b89c93fe74bbcf69c13082bb48fc?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Lexpert\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?author=2\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"BIAT\u00a0: anatomie d\u2019un colosse bancaire \u2013\u00a0de la temp\u00eate politique des ann\u00e9es\u00a01990 au b\u00e9n\u00e9fice record de 2024 - L'expert Journal","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"BIAT\u00a0: anatomie d\u2019un colosse bancaire \u2013\u00a0de la temp\u00eate politique des ann\u00e9es\u00a01990 au b\u00e9n\u00e9fice record de 2024","og_description":"  \u00a0 Par L\u2019Expert Journal, avril\u00a02025   trente ans d\u2019orage, z\u00e9ro naufrage\u00a0   Lorsque Mansour\u00a0Moalla \u2013 ex\u2011ministre de Bourguiba \u2013 fonde en 1976 la Banque\u00a0Internationale Arabe de\u00a0Tunisie, l\u2019id\u00e9e est de b\u00e2tir un pont entre capitaux maghr\u00e9bins et expertise internationale. Le pari semble perdu quand, en 1993, un contr\u00f4le fiscal \u00ab\u00a0\u00e9clair\u00a0\u00bb t\u00e9l\u00e9guid\u00e9 par le palais pousse […]","og_url":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569","og_site_name":"L'expert Journal","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Samya.Ayari.tn","article_published_time":"2025-04-22T13:47:49+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1187,"height":918,"url":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/61.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Lexpert","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"Lexpert","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569"},"author":{"name":"Lexpert","@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/65d2c89a6ae700ca94d3873874b3ae31"},"headline":"BIAT\u00a0: anatomie d\u2019un colosse bancaire \u2013\u00a0de la temp\u00eate politique des ann\u00e9es\u00a01990 au b\u00e9n\u00e9fice record de 2024","datePublished":"2025-04-22T13:47:49+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569"},"wordCount":1322,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/61.jpg","keywords":["BIAT"],"articleSection":["Actualit\u00e9s","Economie"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569","url":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569","name":"BIAT\u00a0: anatomie d\u2019un colosse bancaire \u2013\u00a0de la temp\u00eate politique des ann\u00e9es\u00a01990 au b\u00e9n\u00e9fice record de 2024 - L'expert Journal","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/61.jpg","datePublished":"2025-04-22T13:47:49+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/61.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/61.jpg","width":1187,"height":918},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=137569#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"BIAT\u00a0: anatomie d\u2019un colosse bancaire \u2013\u00a0de la temp\u00eate politique des ann\u00e9es\u00a01990 au b\u00e9n\u00e9fice record de 2024"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/","name":"L'expert Journal","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#organization","name":"L'expert Journal","url":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Capture_d_ecran_2025-04-13_a_17.47.13-removebg-preview-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Capture_d_ecran_2025-04-13_a_17.47.13-removebg-preview-1.png","width":644,"height":154,"caption":"L'expert Journal"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Samya.Ayari.tn"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/65d2c89a6ae700ca94d3873874b3ae31","name":"Lexpert","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ffaa3deee382c43b9d0589b4c2636abaab84b89c93fe74bbcf69c13082bb48fc?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ffaa3deee382c43b9d0589b4c2636abaab84b89c93fe74bbcf69c13082bb48fc?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Lexpert"},"url":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?author=2"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/137569","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=137569"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/137569\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":137571,"href":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/137569\/revisions\/137571"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/137570"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=137569"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=137569"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=137569"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}