{"id":134589,"date":"2025-04-15T12:03:12","date_gmt":"2025-04-15T11:03:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/?p=134589"},"modified":"2025-04-21T06:16:20","modified_gmt":"2025-04-21T04:16:20","slug":"lavenir-de-la-bfpme-entre-defis-structurels-et-imperatifs-de-restructuration","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=134589","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019avenir de la BFPME : Entre d\u00e9fis structurels et imp\u00e9ratifs de restructuration"},"content":{"rendered":"

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La Banque de Financement des Petites et Moyennes Entreprises (BFPME) se trouve \u00e0 un tournant d\u00e9cisif de son existence. Cr\u00e9\u00e9e en 2005 pour soutenir le tissu \u00e9conomique tunisien, domin\u00e9 \u00e0 85 % par les PME, la banque fait face \u00e0 des difficult\u00e9s financi\u00e8res et organisationnelles qui menacent sa p\u00e9rennit\u00e9. Alors que son r\u00f4le reste crucial pour l\u2019\u00e9conomie nationale, son avenir d\u00e9pendra des d\u00e9cisions prises en mati\u00e8re de restructuration, de recapitalisation et de r\u00e9forme de sa gouvernance.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Un contexte difficile : crise financi\u00e8re et d\u00e9fis structurels<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    La BFPME traverse une crise profonde, marqu\u00e9e par :<\/p>\n

    – Un d\u00e9ficit financier chronique : En 2020, le taux de cr\u00e9ances douteuses atteignait 87 %, refl\u00e9tant une gestion risqu\u00e9e des investissements et un manque de strat\u00e9gie cibl\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

    – Des fonds propres insuffisants : La derni\u00e8re augmentation de capital remonte \u00e0 2009, et le non-renouvellement des lignes budg\u00e9taires publiques a limit\u00e9 sa capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 refinancer les PME.<\/p>\n

    – Des ratios prudentiels inadapt\u00e9s : La BFPME est soumise aux m\u00eames exigences que les banques commerciales, bien que son mod\u00e8le (cr\u00e9dits \u00e0 moyen terme \u00e0 taux fixes) soit diff\u00e9rent. Cela a entra\u00een\u00e9 un taux de rotation des cr\u00e9dits tr\u00e8s lent (10 \u00e0 25 ans).<\/p>\n

    Le directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, Labid Zaafrane, a soulign\u00e9 l\u2019urgence d\u2019une restructuration, notamment pour r\u00e9soudre les probl\u00e8mes de liquidit\u00e9s et moderniser les m\u00e9canismes de financement.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Les enjeux de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e G\u00e9n\u00e9rale Extraordinaire de septembre 2023<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Le 14 septembre 2023, une Assembl\u00e9e G\u00e9n\u00e9rale Extraordinaire (AGE) a \u00e9t\u00e9 organis\u00e9e pour statuer sur la non-dissolution de la banque et valider un plan de restructuration. Les d\u00e9cisions cl\u00e9s attendues portaient sur :<\/p>\n

      – La recapitalisation de la BFPME, essentielle pour r\u00e9tablir sa solvabilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

      – L\u2019adoption de nouvelles r\u00e8gles de gouvernance, incluant une dissociation claire des pouvoirs entre la direction et le conseil d\u2019administration.<\/p>\n

      – La recherche de partenariats avec des institutions internationales (BEI, BIRD) pour diversifier les sources de financement.<\/p>\n

      Si l\u2019AGE a \u00e9vit\u00e9 la dissolution, les d\u00e9fis restent entiers, notamment la mise en \u0153uvre effective des r\u00e9formes.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Les pistes pour un redressement durable<\/strong><\/li>\n
      2. Une restructuration globale<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Le rapport de l\u2019African Center for Economic Transformation (ACET) propose deux sc\u00e9narios :<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Int\u00e9grer la BFPME dans un v\u00e9hicule financier plus large pour augmenter son impact et sa r\u00e9silience.<\/li>\n
        2. Diversifier les produits financiers, notamment en introduire le private equity et des m\u00e9canismes de crowdfunding, \u00e9voqu\u00e9s par Zaafrane comme une solution pour renforcer les fonds propres des PME.<\/li>\n
        3. Une refonte de la gouvernance<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          La BFPME souffre d\u2019un manque d\u2019autonomie et d\u2019une gestion trop administrative. Les experts recommandent :<\/p>\n

          – Une d\u00e9centralisation pour mieux cibler les besoins r\u00e9gionaux.<\/p>\n

          – Une politique RH attractive pour recruter des profils bancaires exp\u00e9riment\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Renforcer l\u2019accompagnement des PME<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            La BFPME a d\u00e9j\u00e0 men\u00e9 des initiatives prometteuses, comme le partenariat avec l\u2019OIT pour le programme SCORE, visant \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la productivit\u00e9 et la gestion des PME. Poursuivre dans cette voie, avec un accent sur :<\/p>\n

            – La digitalisation des processus.<\/p>\n

            – Un ciblage sectoriel (industrie, agroalimentaire) pour r\u00e9duire les risques.<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. Conclusion : Quel avenir pour la BFPME ?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              La BFPME reste un maillon essentiel du financement des PME en Tunisie, mais son avenir d\u00e9pendra de :<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. Une volont\u00e9 politique claire pour recapitaliser et r\u00e9former la banque.<\/li>\n
              2. Une adaptation de son mod\u00e8le pour sortir du statut hybride (entre banque commerciale et de d\u00e9veloppement).<\/li>\n
              3. Des partenariats internationaux pour s\u00e9curiser des financements durables.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                Comme le r\u00e9sume Mondher Khanfir, \u00ab\u00a0appliquer strictement les ratios actuels \u00e0 la BFPME reviendrait \u00e0 mettre fin \u00e0 son activit\u00e9\u201d. Sa survie n\u00e9cessite donc une refonte en profondeur, align\u00e9e sur les besoins r\u00e9els des PME tunisiennes.<\/p>\n

                L\u2019alternative ? Sans r\u00e9forme, la dissolution pourrait resurgir comme une option, mais au prix d\u2019un affaiblissement du secteur entrepreneurial tunisien, d\u00e9j\u00e0 fragilis\u00e9 par les crises \u00e9conomiques r\u00e9centes.<\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    La Banque de Financement des Petites et Moyennes Entreprises (BFPME) se trouve \u00e0 un tournant d\u00e9cisif de son existence. Cr\u00e9\u00e9e en 2005 pour soutenir le tissu \u00e9conomique tunisien, domin\u00e9 \u00e0 85 % par les PME, la banque fait face \u00e0 des difficult\u00e9s financi\u00e8res et organisationnelles qui menacent sa p\u00e9rennit\u00e9. Alors que son r\u00f4le […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":136597,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-134589","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economie"],"yoast_head":"\nL\u2019avenir de la BFPME : Entre d\u00e9fis structurels et imp\u00e9ratifs de restructuration - L'expert Journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lexpertjournal.net\/fr\/?p=134589\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u2019avenir de la BFPME : Entre d\u00e9fis structurels et imp\u00e9ratifs de restructuration\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"    La Banque de Financement des Petites et Moyennes Entreprises (BFPME) se trouve \u00e0 un tournant d\u00e9cisif de son existence. 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